Career development and opportunity elsewhere
Promotional growth and advancement opportunities are predictive of turnover (Kovner et al. 2009). Career development,
training, and promotional opportunities within the organization promote job satisfaction (Lu et al. 2005, Hayes
et al. 2006) and have a significant relationship with ITS (Borda & Norman 1997, McCarthy et al. 2007). Dissatisfaction
with the lack of promotional or training opportunities is a significant factor in turnover (Shields & Ward 2001). The
perception of a superior career opportunity elsewhere decreases ITS and retention (Tai et al. 1998). Working
conditions, more so than the desire to increase income, drive the search for opportunities elsewhere (Ellenbecker et al.
2007). Promotional opportunities are reported to be indirectly related to ITS through job satisfaction and organizational
commitment (Kovner et al. 2009) and are also reported to have a direct relationship to ITS