Discussion and conclusions
Obtained study results conrm the hypotheses. Mood
in
uences the attention mode during human computer
interaction and this eect is moderated by the
engagement in the task.
Transition from focal and ambient attention observed
during the course of perception of the image is consistent
with the expectations. At the beginning of the
examination of the painting, users glance over its whole
surface. As they watch it further, they probably encounter
elements that capture their attention and start to watch
them more carefully. This increase in focality of attention
is observed both for users in positive and neutral mood.
But when we examine the time-course of the above
mentioned transition between focal-ambient attention
mode for users in dierent mood, we see that those in
positive mood glance over the picture for longer and
concentrate less on details towards the end of the viewing
time, compared to those in neutral mood. It conrms the
impact of mood on the attention characteristics. This
eect is in accordance with the results from the papers
showing that positive emotions increase the breadth of
visual attention, e.g. [14]. What is interesting, the
in
uence of emotions mentioned above is moderated by
the users' engagement. If the users are engaged in the
task, the emotions do not change the parameters of
attention. This suggests that momentary engagement
overrides the eect of mood on ambient/focal attention
presumably forcing the users' attention to the optimal
mode.
In the presented study we used a task of free viewing of
art paintings. To further investigate the observed eects,
it is necessary to conduct studies using dierent types of
stimuli and tasks, similar to the ones encountered during
real life human computer interaction, like web-browsing or
text editing. Then, the next step would be to use the data
about the users' emotional state and engagement as a
continuous input for the adaptive interface systems. Such
input would allow the interface to change compatibly with
current attention mode (focal/ambient). Thanks to gaze
information it would be possible to establish the currently
seen area on the screen and change the parameters of the
surrounding interface according to the attention mode.
For example, knowing the xation point on the screen it
would be possible to highlight or enlarge the focused area
and make the rest of the screen less obtrusive, e.g. by
dimming or disabling notications.
Multimodal adaptive interfaces have the potential to
change the way of interaction with the technology but still
require both an extensive theoretical investigation and
well-designed empirical research
Discussion and conclusions
Obtained study results conrm the hypotheses. Mood
in
uences the attention mode during human computer
interaction and this eect is moderated by the
engagement in the task.
Transition from focal and ambient attention observed
during the course of perception of the image is consistent
with the expectations. At the beginning of the
examination of the painting, users glance over its whole
surface. As they watch it further, they probably encounter
elements that capture their attention and start to watch
them more carefully. This increase in focality of attention
is observed both for users in positive and neutral mood.
But when we examine the time-course of the above
mentioned transition between focal-ambient attention
mode for users in dierent mood, we see that those in
positive mood glance over the picture for longer and
concentrate less on details towards the end of the viewing
time, compared to those in neutral mood. It conrms the
impact of mood on the attention characteristics. This
eect is in accordance with the results from the papers
showing that positive emotions increase the breadth of
visual attention, e.g. [14]. What is interesting, the
in
uence of emotions mentioned above is moderated by
the users' engagement. If the users are engaged in the
task, the emotions do not change the parameters of
attention. This suggests that momentary engagement
overrides the eect of mood on ambient/focal attention
presumably forcing the users' attention to the optimal
mode.
In the presented study we used a task of free viewing of
art paintings. To further investigate the observed eects,
it is necessary to conduct studies using dierent types of
stimuli and tasks, similar to the ones encountered during
real life human computer interaction, like web-browsing or
text editing. Then, the next step would be to use the data
about the users' emotional state and engagement as a
continuous input for the adaptive interface systems. Such
input would allow the interface to change compatibly with
current attention mode (focal/ambient). Thanks to gaze
information it would be possible to establish the currently
seen area on the screen and change the parameters of the
surrounding interface according to the attention mode.
For example, knowing the xation point on the screen it
would be possible to highlight or enlarge the focused area
and make the rest of the screen less obtrusive, e.g. by
dimming or disabling notications.
Multimodal adaptive interfaces have the potential to
change the way of interaction with the technology but still
require both an extensive theoretical investigation and
well-designed empirical research
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