They concede that the claim that “the picture of young people as innocents exploited” by the pop music industry “is oversimplified.” Against this, they argue that there is very often conflict between the use made of a textby an audience and the use intended by the producers. Significantly, they observe, “This conflict is particularly marked in the field of teenage entertainments…[although] it is to some extent common to the whole area of mass entertainment in a commercial setting”(270). Pop music culture-songs, magazines, concerts, festivals, comics, interviews with pop stars, films, etc.-helps to establish a sense of identity among youth: