Alloxan (2,4,5,6-tetraoxypyrimidine; 5,6-dioxyuracil)
was first described by Brugnatelli in 1818. Wöhler
and Liebig used the name “alloxan” and described its
synthesis by uric acid oxidation (for review see Lenzen
and Panten 1988). The diabetogenic properties of this
drug were reported many years later by Dunn, Sheehan
and McLethie (1943), who studied the effect of its
administration in rabbits and reported a specific necrosis
of pancreatic islets. Since then, alloxan diabetes has been
commonly utilized as an animal model of insulindependent
diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
Alloxan (2,4,5,6-tetraoxypyrimidine; 5,6-dioxyuracil)was first described by Brugnatelli in 1818. Wöhlerand Liebig used the name “alloxan” and described itssynthesis by uric acid oxidation (for review see Lenzenand Panten 1988). The diabetogenic properties of thisdrug were reported many years later by Dunn, Sheehanand McLethie (1943), who studied the effect of itsadministration in rabbits and reported a specific necrosisof pancreatic islets. Since then, alloxan diabetes has beencommonly utilized as an animal model of insulindependentdiabetes mellitus (IDDM).
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