Recent research in technology-enhanced learning has been dominated by learning objects,
and the shrink-wrapping of content for delivery in different contexts is becoming mainstream
e-learning practice. However, there is a growing feeling that while reusable learning
objects are valuable, they do not lead to learning, education, and training as such. A counter
approach builds pedagogical processes on top of the learning and knowledge objects. This
new learning activities-based approach does not oppose the learning objects approach but
integrates it with a higher-level layer.