a-Lipoic acid has been tested in a number of model
systems, particularly serum albumin and lysozyme,
where the inhibition of enzyme activity or the extent
of glycosylation has been found to be protected against
by incubating in glucose together with a-lipoic acid. 85
In another study, Kawabata and Packer 86 found that
noncovalent hydrophobic binding of a-lipoic acid to
albumin was involved in its protective effects (Fig. 5).
Also in this in vitro test system, both the R and S
enantiomer forms of ot-lipoic acid behaved similarly.
In addition, both a-lipoic acid and DHLA protected
albumin from glycation in the same manner, demonstrating
that the preventive effect is independent of its
redox state. Since a-lipoate has a hydrophobic carbon
chain, it is likely that a-lipoate binds to albumin by
hydrophobic interactions similar to fatty acids. By
comparing a-lipoate with a shorter chain homologue,
tetranor-lipoate, it was shown that ot-lipoate is much
more protective against glycation. In fact, tetranor-lipoate
did not show any protective effect, demonstrating
a-Lipoic acid has been tested in a number of modelsystems, particularly serum albumin and lysozyme,where the inhibition of enzyme activity or the extentof glycosylation has been found to be protected againstby incubating in glucose together with a-lipoic acid. 85In another study, Kawabata and Packer 86 found thatnoncovalent hydrophobic binding of a-lipoic acid toalbumin was involved in its protective effects (Fig. 5).Also in this in vitro test system, both the R and Senantiomer forms of ot-lipoic acid behaved similarly.In addition, both a-lipoic acid and DHLA protectedalbumin from glycation in the same manner, demonstratingthat the preventive effect is independent of itsredox state. Since a-lipoate has a hydrophobic carbonchain, it is likely that a-lipoate binds to albumin byhydrophobic interactions similar to fatty acids. Bycomparing a-lipoate with a shorter chain homologue,tetranor-lipoate, it was shown that ot-lipoate is muchmore protective against glycation. In fact, tetranor-lipoatedid not show any protective effect, demonstrating
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