Seating arrangements have implications for teacher-directed instruction (Nordquist & Twardosz, 1990). If
given the option, students will often sit next to their friends, most who are similar to themselves and have the
same interests and ability. In typical situations, students who sit in the front of the classroom, in most cases, are
more likely to receive reinforcement from the teacher. Teachers tend to direct most of their attention toward
students in the front of the group because they are prone to actively participate in the lesson, answer questions,
or make relevant comments. Students sitting in the back of the group often receive less attention and do not
benefit equally from instruction. Therefore, the actual arrangement of the classroom directly impacts classroom
instruction and interactions. Consequently, teachers should strategically plan seating arrangements. For example,
students can be arranged in a strewn pattern deviating from the typical classroom setup. Students who typically
sit in front of the group can be arranged so that they are scattered throughout the room and sit in closer proximity
to students who would typically sit on the sides or in back of the group to potentially serve models or provide
assistance to their peers, when needed. Table 1 includes questions that may assist teachers in developing management
systems prior to the onset of problematic behaviors, with regard to physical environment.