Insect pests are the major cause of yield losses of grain legumes
throughout the world. About three decades have passed since
transgenic approaches were applied to improve crops wherever
conventional methods had no options, like in the case of insect
resistance. Nowadays insect resistant transgenic crops are under
production on increased acreage throughout the world. However, the use of transgenic approaches has been limited
to some major crops while there is also an urgent need for the
application of this technology in most of our crops. Grain legumes
such as pea, despite a multipurpose socio-economically important
crop and constrained significantly by insect pests, are an example
of crops that have less benefited from the application of genetic
transformation