the use of team-member appraisals is likely to increase in the 21st century in light of corporate america's focus on employee participation, teamwork, and empowerment. within team-based organizations, peer involvement in performance appraisal is growing. research showing that appraisals by peers are useful predictors of future performance is consistent with this trend. also consistent with this trend is research showing that, for managerial employees, the ratings of peers and subordinates tend to be consistent with each other.