1. Introduction
The terms phonology and pronunciation are sometimes seen as synonymous. In
pedagogy, however, it is useful to distinguish them. The pedagogic ®elds to which
our discussion makes reference are that of second- or foreign-language teaching and
learning (SFLT), and that of the training and education of language teachers
(TELT).
The phonology of a target language (TL) consists of theory and knowledge about
how the sound system of the target language works, including both segment and supplemental features. Pronunciation in language learning, on the other hand, is
the practice and meaningful use of TL phonological features in speaking, supported
by practice in interpreting those phonological features in TL discourse that one hears. Thus, in phonological terms one might say a particular stretch of sound in the
TL consists of a series of phonemes (which we could identify and de®ne with
appropriate labels), making up an utterance which has certain supplemental
patterns of intonation, rhythm, stress and is expressed with a particular type of
voice quality (all of which we could also identify and de®ne with appropriate labels).
In pronunciation one would not necessarily de®ne or label at all, but only practice
listening and speaking, i.e. (respectively) interpreting and producing phonological
features appropriately.