Insoluble metal hydroxides such as manganoxides
can participate in a wide range of redox reactions with
both organic and inorganic compounds. This allows
forming an electrostatic binding between pollutants and
the minerals. Therefore, these minerals can be classified
as a potential sustainable and cost effective adsorbent for
metal removal from aqueous solution. Manganoxide
minerals contain manganese and oxygen or the hydroxyl
ion as principal elements and also comprise oxides,
carbonates and silicates. The manganese oxide minerals
are basically formed in octahedron structural units