where [AuNPs],[AuNPs–HSA11] and [HSA] correspond to the
molar concentrations of AuNPs,AuNPs–HSA conjugate and HSA,
respectively.
Assume that HSA has an equivalent and independent binding
site on AuNPs,the apparent binding constant, Kapp, of the
nanobioconjugate,which is more understandable than the binding
constant, Kb, for judging the binding ability,canbedefined as
follows: