Data analysis was carried out by using PASWSTAT version 18.0.
For germination parameters tested, ANOVA and LSD (P
≤
0.05,
P
≤
0.01, and P
≤
0.001) were applied to test for significant differences
between means. For growth parameters tested, data was
analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Duncan’s multiple range test at
P
≤
0.05 with a Bonferroni correction. The concentration at which
the growth of the test species was reduced by 50% (IC50) was established
on the basis of curve fitting to a logistic equation, using
GraphPad Prism ver. 5.0. (GraphPad, Inc., San Diego, CA, USA). The
equation was as follows: