one another: they must unify nationally on the basis of a centralized
state, urbanize, replace traditional forms of social organization
like tribe, sect, and family with economically rational ones
based on function and efficiency, and provide for the universal
education of their citizens. Such societies have become increasingly
linked with one another through global markets and the
spread of a universal consumer culture. Moreover, the logic of
modern natural science would seem to dictate a universal evolution
in the direction of capitalism. The experiences of the Soviet
Union, China, and other socialist countries indicate that while
highly centralized economies are sufficient to reach the level of
industrialization represented by Europe in the 1950s, they are
woefully inadequate in creating what have been termed complex
"post-industrial" economies in which information and technological
innovation play a much larger role.
one another: they must unify nationally on the basis of a centralizedstate, urbanize, replace traditional forms of social organizationlike tribe, sect, and family with economically rational onesbased on function and efficiency, and provide for the universaleducation of their citizens. Such societies have become increasinglylinked with one another through global markets and thespread of a universal consumer culture. Moreover, the logic ofmodern natural science would seem to dictate a universal evolutionin the direction of capitalism. The experiences of the SovietUnion, China, and other socialist countries indicate that whilehighly centralized economies are sufficient to reach the level ofindustrialization represented by Europe in the 1950s, they arewoefully inadequate in creating what have been termed complex"post-industrial" economies in which information and technologicalinnovation play a much larger role.
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