To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study
where human milk is evaluated with respect to glycemic
and insulinemic effects. The study was performed in
healthy adults with a GI setting, thus post prandial glycemic
and hormonal responses to the human and bovine
milk were compared to an equicarbohydrate amount of
WWB. In the present study, we found that human milk
displayed insulinogenic properties and resulted in a postprandial
glycemic response (GI 57) that was in the same
range as that to bovine milk (GI 43) or the whey and casein
fractions, respectively (GI 61 and 44). The human
milk showed the lowest insulin response (iAUC 0–120
min) in comparison to all the other meals, thus indicating
that human milk display superior insulin economy.
Worth emphasizing is that the protein content of the
human milk meal was markedly lower than that of bovine
milk, whey and casein meals. According to our analysis,
the human milk meal contained 3.5g protein as
calculated from nitrogen analysis using 6.38 as conversion
factor. However, it has been has reported that the
true protein content of human milk is overestimated
from nitrogen analysis due to its high non protein nitrogen
(NPN) content (20-25% of total nitrogen) [16,17].
Consequently, the protein amount in the human milk,
used in this study, may have been overestimated. Although
the whey:casein ratio of the human and bovine
milk in this study was not analyzed, it has been reported
to range from 50:50 – 80:20 in human milk depending
on the lactation period [17], compared to approximately
20:80 in commercial bovine milk [16]. Our results thus
indicate that human milk may be more insulinogenic
per unit protein compared to bovine milk, and the higher proportion of whey protein may be a contributing
factor.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first studywhere human milk is evaluated with respect to glycemicand insulinemic effects. The study was performed inhealthy adults with a GI setting, thus post prandial glycemicand hormonal responses to the human and bovinemilk were compared to an equicarbohydrate amount ofWWB. In the present study, we found that human milkdisplayed insulinogenic properties and resulted in a postprandialglycemic response (GI 57) that was in the samerange as that to bovine milk (GI 43) or the whey and caseinfractions, respectively (GI 61 and 44). The humanmilk showed the lowest insulin response (iAUC 0–120min) in comparison to all the other meals, thus indicatingthat human milk display superior insulin economy.Worth emphasizing is that the protein content of thehuman milk meal was markedly lower than that of bovinemilk, whey and casein meals. According to our analysis,the human milk meal contained 3.5g protein ascalculated from nitrogen analysis using 6.38 as conversionfactor. However, it has been has reported that thetrue protein content of human milk is overestimatedfrom nitrogen analysis due to its high non protein nitrogen(NPN) content (20-25% of total nitrogen) [16,17].Consequently, the protein amount in the human milk,used in this study, may have been overestimated. Althoughthe whey:casein ratio of the human and bovinemilk in this study was not analyzed, it has been reportedช่วงจากคนละครึ่ง – 80:20 ในนมมนุษย์ขึ้นอยู่กับในด้านการให้นมระยะ [17], เมื่อเทียบกับประมาณ20:80 ค้านมวัว [16] ผลของเราดังนั้นระบุว่า น้ำนมมนุษย์อาจมีเพิ่มเติม insulinogenicต่อหน่วยโปรตีนเปรียบเทียบกับนมวัว และสัดส่วนที่สูงของเวย์โปรตีนอาจจะเอื้อต่อการปัจจัยการ
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