Pericarps from three different Chinese water caltrop cultivars and were collected and extracted using the system of methanol:water and hot water
Phenolic compositions analysis indicated that gallic acid and ferulic acid contributed 74.82-99.44 mg phenolic acids/100 mg phenolic acids determined in the extraction
All water caltrop Pericarps extracts exhibited high antioxidant capacity
Water caltrop pericarps extracts showed strong in vitro inhibitory action against gram positive bacteria, gram negative bacteria, yeast and fungi
The lowest Minimum inhibitory concentration to gram positive bacteria was 0.5 mg/mL
MTT assay and cell cycle revealed that WCPE inhibited PC-3 cancer cell growth by inducing G0/G1 phase arrest without any action on RWPE-1 normal cells compared with 5-fluorouracil that showed relatively higher cytotoxicity to RWPE-1 than PC-3