The number of flowers was not affected by irradiance treatments during ST 1, but significantly affected during ST 2 and ST 3. The number of flowers was fewest (14) when plants were grown under 30% SH in ST 1 and ST 2 and 30% SH or ND + 14 HID in ST 3, and the highest (22) when grown under ND or 30% SH in ST and ND + 14 HID in ST 2 and ST 3, and plants produced >20 flowers when grown under ND + 14 HID/ND or ND + 14 HID/ND or ND + 14 HID during the ST 2 and ST 3, respectively