care systems. Primary care practice has become increasingly complex
as providers strive to address patients’ acute, chronic, preventive,
social, and behavior needs against a backdrop of formidable infectious
disease threats to human health, including antibiotic resistance
and unexpected infections such as pandemic influenza. Recognizing
the seismic shift in care patterns from inpatient to outpatient
settings and the central role primary care is beginning to play, we
were interested in examining the use of infection surveillance
systems in these settings. We conducted a literature review to
examine the use of infection surveillance systems in primary care
practice and to assess the effectiveness and feasibility of such
systems.