The control of head lice worldwide (including Thailand)depends on chemical insecticides, such as organophosphateinsecticides (malathion) and carbamate insecticides(carbaryl), despite that chemical insecticides are very harmful for human health and toxic for children. Children haveless developed immune systems, underdeveloped detoxification mechanisms and more susceptible and sensitive to thetoxic effect of chemical insecticides (Abdel-Ghaffar andSemmler 2007). Moreover, malathion has also been foundto disrupt the immune system, and carbaryl is a potentialhuman carcinogen (any substance that produce cancer)(Davis et al. 1993; Rassami and Soonwera 2011;Swadener 1992). Unfortunately, several topical head licetreatments base on chemical insecticides failed to obtain ahead lice control, and increasing resistance of head liceagainst chemical insecticides have been reported in severalcountries (Burgess 2009; Burgess and Burgess 2011;Burkhart and Burkhart 2006; Hunter and Barker 2003;Heukelbach and Feldmeier 2004; Mumcuoglu et al. 2009).