Thrombophilias
Fetal death also has been associated with heritable
thrombophilias. These disorders typically involve deficiencies
or abnormalities in anticoagulant proteins
or an increase in procoagulant proteins, and like
antiphospholipid syndrome, have been associated
with a risk for vascular thrombosis and pregnancy
loss. Several case series and retrospective studies
reported an association between the factor V Leiden
mutation (associated with abnormal factor V resistance
to the anticoagulant effects of protein C), the
G20210A mutation in the promoter of the prothrombin
gene, deficiencies of the anticoagulant proteins
antithrombin III, protein C, and protein S and fetal
death.