Abstract
The environment is being polluted by humans & in doing so, not only air & water but land
is also being contaminated. The major contaminant of soil is chemical fertilizer. The
definition of soil quality encompasses physical, chemical and biological characteristics, and
it is related to fertility and soil health. Due to heavily usage of chemical fertilizers and
harmful pesticides on the crops, food security and safety became a daunting challenge.
Indiscriminate and imbalanced use of chemical fertilizers, especially urea along with
chemical pesticides and unavailability of organic manures has led to considerable reduction
in soil health. Biodiversity performs a variety of ecological services beyond the production of
food, including recycling of nutrients, regulation of microclimate and local hydrological
processes, suppression of undesirable organisms and detoxification of noxious chemicals. In
this paper the role of biodiversity in securing crop protection and soil fertility by linking
diversity of soils. Soil biodiversity is a key parameter for maintaining the fertility and
productivity of the soils - thereby safeguarding food production. This management systems
provide the ideal environment for the re-establishment of ecosystem engineers such as
earthworms and scarab beetle larvae, of saprophagous and litter transforming organisms
such as termites and millipedes and of predator populations (pseudoscorpions, centipedes,
Diplura and spiders), thus enhancing the system’s natural biological control and regulation
mechanisms to maintain soil health and fertility.