SO, HOW WAS SAS USED? To produce these results, I used SAS to do five main tasks, which are as follows: ‘ Determine the observed distributions of the first digits ‘ Determine the expected distributions of the first digits ‘ Merge the observed and expected distributions and compute the deltas ‘ Create a report of the observed versus expected distribution ‘ Create a plot of the observed versus expected distribution That does not seem too difficult. Let’s look at the code at a high level. The code shown is for a first digit analysis for an entire universe. The modifications to do a first-two digits or more digit combination and to do a BY group analysis are not too different and will not be presented.