with maximum capacities of 445 N (Fz) and 11 Nm (Mx, My) was used to measure forces applied to the scapulohumeral complex. The abduction only and the MWM maneuvers were simulated with the cadaver spec- imen in the upright orientation. The scapular block was rigidly fixed on the top plate of the load cell with the plane of scapula perpendicular to the top plate and the anterior aspect of the scapula facing anteriorly. The me- dial border of the scapula was oriented parallel to the z- axis of the load cell. Force data registered by the AMTI load cell were recorded by an instruNet data acquisition system. A triad with three retroreflexive markers was drilled into the distal end of the humerus and defined the humerus local coordinate system (Fig. 1).