Traditional teaching and learning is based on content and considers education pre-established and unchangeable pouring into the container-learner. Teachers implement a unilateral rather than bilateral, participatory learning. The learner’s sole purpose is receiving, and storing the content as truths rather than critically reflecting (Garito 2000, Mady and El Asmar, 2012). Constructivist teaching and learning is process driven and requires the abandonment of the teacher’s old figure seen as the absolute repository and transmitter of knowledge and the lonely actor of the educational process. The new role is a teacher-directed learning that designs scenarios and cooperates with learners in together achieving an educational process that is respectful of different learning styles (Garito, 2000; Gold, 2001). Mahoney (1991: 97) defines constructivism as “an approach to teaching and learning based on the premise that cognition (learning) is the result of mental construction. In other words, students learn by fitting new information together with what they already know”. The Master of Art in Design (MAD) programme under discussion is an interdisciplinary programme that combines several disciplines, fields of study or professions. The programme allows students with a design background to pursue their individual interests, and develop individual skills. Salmons and Wilson (2007) introduce three levels to the interdisciplinary teaching/learning process: Interchange is the first level of interaction where the personal educational background of each student and the instructors allows viewing the problem at hand from a different lens and introducing therefore related discipline’s knowledge and processes. Interweave is the second level where the problem is solved by weaving together parts of disciplines or elements to create a new solution to the problem. Salmons and Wilson (2007) describe this process as “intellectual pluralism; borrowing tools, methods, concepts, models or paradigms from other fields”. Innovate is the third level of the learning/teaching process, and co-creation of new knowledge occurs. At this stage, the learner examines different organisational and social issues in an interdisciplinary manner that affects their learning process (Salmons and Wilson, 2007). The
Traditional teaching and learning is based on content and considers education pre-established and unchangeable pouring into the container-learner. Teachers implement a unilateral rather than bilateral, participatory learning. The learner’s sole purpose is receiving, and storing the content as truths rather than critically reflecting (Garito 2000, Mady and El Asmar, 2012). Constructivist teaching and learning is process driven and requires the abandonment of the teacher’s old figure seen as the absolute repository and transmitter of knowledge and the lonely actor of the educational process. The new role is a teacher-directed learning that designs scenarios and cooperates with learners in together achieving an educational process that is respectful of different learning styles (Garito, 2000; Gold, 2001). Mahoney (1991: 97) defines constructivism as “an approach to teaching and learning based on the premise that cognition (learning) is the result of mental construction. In other words, students learn by fitting new information together with what they already know”. The Master of Art in Design (MAD) programme under discussion is an interdisciplinary programme that combines several disciplines, fields of study or professions. The programme allows students with a design background to pursue their individual interests, and develop individual skills. Salmons and Wilson (2007) introduce three levels to the interdisciplinary teaching/learning process: Interchange is the first level of interaction where the personal educational background of each student and the instructors allows viewing the problem at hand from a different lens and introducing therefore related discipline’s knowledge and processes. Interweave is the second level where the problem is solved by weaving together parts of disciplines or elements to create a new solution to the problem. Salmons and Wilson (2007) describe this process as “intellectual pluralism; borrowing tools, methods, concepts, models or paradigms from other fields”. Innovate is the third level of the learning/teaching process, and co-creation of new knowledge occurs. At this stage, the learner examines different organisational and social issues in an interdisciplinary manner that affects their learning process (Salmons and Wilson, 2007). The
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