Abstract
Maritime transport remains the dominant mode for international trade both for bulk transport of
commodities and containerized break-bulk cargo. The economics of bulk transport still influence trade
patterns and industrial location. Intermodal transport has become a global phenomenon as mechanized
handling and containerization have reduced handling costs between modes and promoted their efficiency.
Ports have become elements in global commodity chains controlled by logistics companies, maritime
shipping lines, freight forwarders and transport operators. Their strategies and the allocation of their assets
have shaped the structure of maritime transport networks in terms of ports of call, hierarchy and frequency
of services. Post-Panamax container ships encourage pendulum services and the setting of high capacity
inland corridors.