Industrial plants and processes use and emit many types of VOCs, which rapidly become atmospheric polutant. Biotechnology, through biodegradation processes, can solve many of these emission problems. By taking advantage of the metabolic and physiological flexibility, as well as of the high adaptability, of the populations of microbial species, application studies have led to advances being made in the field of environmental engineering. Specifically, biological degradation or purification processes are now widely used in various industrial and residential waste water treatments. The use of biological processes to treat contaminated air is a more recent development: the earliest applications date back to 1957, when an ‘open biofilter’ design was patented by Pomeroy in the United States Pomeroy, 1957 .