Herr Ruhnau was both right and wrong. He was definitely right in his expectations. The dollar appreciated for one more month, and then weakened over the coming year. In fact, it did not simply weaken, it plummeted. By January 1986 when payment was due to Boeing, the spot rate had fallen to DM2.3/$ from the pervious year’s DM3.2/$ as shown in Exhibit 3. This was a spot exchange rate movement in Lufthansa’s favor.
The bad news was that the total Deutschemark cost with the partial forward cover was DM1.375 billion, a full DM225,000,000 more than if no hedging had been implemented at all! This was also DM129,000,000 more than what the foreign currency option hedge would have cost in total. The total cost of obtaining the needed $500 million for each alternative at the actual ending spot rate of DM2.3/$ would have been:
Uncovered
Full forward Cover (100%)
Partial Forward Cover
DM Put Options
Herr Ruhnau’s political rivals, both inside and outside of Lufthansa, were not so happy. Ruhnau was accused of recklessly speculating with Lufthansa’s money, but the speculation was seen as the forward contract, not the amount of the dollar exposure left uncovered for the full year. It is obvious that the term speculation holds an entirely new meaning when perfect hindsight is used to evaluate performance
Herr Ruhnau was both right and wrong. He was definitely right in his expectations. The dollar appreciated for one more month, and then weakened over the coming year. In fact, it did not simply weaken, it plummeted. By January 1986 when payment was due to Boeing, the spot rate had fallen to DM2.3/$ from the pervious year’s DM3.2/$ as shown in Exhibit 3. This was a spot exchange rate movement in Lufthansa’s favor.
The bad news was that the total Deutschemark cost with the partial forward cover was DM1.375 billion, a full DM225,000,000 more than if no hedging had been implemented at all! This was also DM129,000,000 more than what the foreign currency option hedge would have cost in total. The total cost of obtaining the needed $500 million for each alternative at the actual ending spot rate of DM2.3/$ would have been:
Uncovered
Full forward Cover (100%)
Partial Forward Cover
DM Put Options
Herr Ruhnau’s political rivals, both inside and outside of Lufthansa, were not so happy. Ruhnau was accused of recklessly speculating with Lufthansa’s money, but the speculation was seen as the forward contract, not the amount of the dollar exposure left uncovered for the full year. It is obvious that the term speculation holds an entirely new meaning when perfect hindsight is used to evaluate performance
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