3. Conclusions
In order to maintain biodiversity, various silvicultural
and regeneration methods adapted always to local conditions are required. The basic elements of nature oriented
management are known, but the quantification of the
properties that dictate how ‘natural’ silviculture is, have
been not studied sufficiently and are not well understood.
There is an increasing need for an inter- and multidisciplinary approach in order to link silvicultural management to zoological and botanical disciplines. In spite of
some vague indications the main biodiversity aspects in
forest stand management have been introduced as performance indicators into the certification standards.