water retention curve and penetration resistance during the rice growth
period, and (2) to determine whether mechanical properties from puddling tillage, through the rice
growth period, to harvest are correlated with SOC concentration. Rice straw was incorporated partially
(C1) and fully (C2) to different depths of plough layer by shallow tillage (ST) and deep tillage (DT).
Compared with no rice straw incorporation (C0),