1) Territorial sovereignty is recognized but is lim ed and essentially relative, forming a series of zones in which authority is most absolute near the centre and increasingly restricted towards the per riphery, often shading off into a ritual hegemony
2) There is centralized government, yet there are also numerous peripheral f of administration over which the centre exercises only a limited control.
3) There is alized administrative staff at the centre, but it is repeated on a reduced scale at all the peripheral foci of administration