3. Formulation of annual HRD action plan
In 1996, a hospital HRD action plan was developed (Table 2) as a guideline for
every division/unit to build up their own HRD subplans. There was a gradual shift of
strategies and targets towards more diversity, i.e., from training by external trainers to
training by in-house trainers; from civil servant focus to more employee focus; from
individual development to group development; from lecture room orientation to on the
job training and study visits; from only physical dimension to more psychological
dimension; from activities for hospital personnel to activities for patients and relatives;
from internal hospital activities to more coordinated external activities; and from a
passive approach to a more progressive active approach.