(Volterra & Erting, 1994). The MLU-L was designed as an alternative to measuring the Mean Length of Utterances (MLU) in
morphemes (Brown, 1973). The MLU-L enables the examiner to measure children’s utterances even during early linguistic
development, when most children have restricted linguistic communication.
2.2.4. Style and efficacy of communication between parent and child
Style and efficacy of parent–child interaction was assessed by means of an interaction task. Parents were requested to
encourage their child to perform six tasks, using whatever approach to communication they chose (speech, sign, gesture): (1)
‘‘Givemethe small block’’; (2) ‘‘Givemethe blue block’’; (3) ‘‘Put the small block under the big one’’; (4) ‘‘Put the yellowblock onthe blue
block’’; (5) ‘‘Put the small yellowbrick beside the small blue one’’; and (6) ‘‘Put the big red brick on the chair and give me the blue one’’.
Six different features of parental communication style were coded:
(1) Whether the parent got the child’s attention before starting to communicate
(2) Use of signing, speaking and pointing – at the same time or sequentially
(3) Turn-taking in the interaction
(4) How the child’s attention was obtained: touching the child firmly or gently; signing or gesturing in the child’s visual field;
waving to catch the child’s attention
(5) Whether the child refused to perform a task or gave up on one or more tasks
(6) Whether the parent explained what was required before beginning each task.
(Volterra & Erting, 1994). The MLU-L was designed as an alternative to measuring the Mean Length of Utterances (MLU) inmorphemes (Brown, 1973). The MLU-L enables the examiner to measure children’s utterances even during early linguisticdevelopment, when most children have restricted linguistic communication.2.2.4. Style and efficacy of communication between parent and childStyle and efficacy of parent–child interaction was assessed by means of an interaction task. Parents were requested toencourage their child to perform six tasks, using whatever approach to communication they chose (speech, sign, gesture): (1)‘‘Givemethe small block’’; (2) ‘‘Givemethe blue block’’; (3) ‘‘Put the small block under the big one’’; (4) ‘‘Put the yellowblock onthe blueblock’’; (5) ‘‘Put the small yellowbrick beside the small blue one’’; and (6) ‘‘Put the big red brick on the chair and give me the blue one’’.Six different features of parental communication style were coded:(1) Whether the parent got the child’s attention before starting to communicate(2) Use of signing, speaking and pointing – at the same time or sequentially(3) Turn-taking in the interaction(4) How the child’s attention was obtained: touching the child firmly or gently; signing or gesturing in the child’s visual field;waving to catch the child’s attention(5) Whether the child refused to perform a task or gave up on one or more tasks(6) Whether the parent explained what was required before beginning each task.
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