Following a truce (declared on July 11, 1921), a negotiated peace known as theAnglo-Irish Treaty between Britain and Ireland was signed. It created a self-governing twenty-six county Irish state, known as the Irish Free State. However it also disestablished the Irish Republic, which many in the nationalist movement and the IRA in particular felt they were bound by oath to uphold. This triggered the outbreak of the Irish Civil War of 1922-23, when the intransigent republicans took up arms against those who had accepted a compromise with the British. The Civil war began in Dublin, where Anti-Treaty forces underRory O'Connor took over the Four Courts and several other building in April 1922, hoping to provoke the British into restarting the fighting. This put the Free State, led by Michael Collins andArthur Griffith into the dilemma of facing British military re-occupation or fighting their own former comrades in the Four Courts.