An important aspect of fluid balance is its relationship to other systems. The rate of fluid exchange is seven times greater in the infant than in the adult, and the infant’s rate of metabolism is twice as great in relation to body weight. As a result, twice as much acid is formed, leading to more rapid development of acidosis. In addition, the immature kidneys cannot sufficiently concentrate urine to conserve body water. These three factors make the infant more prone to problems of dehydration, acidosis, and overhydration.