In total, 165 undergraduate nursing students from a medical university
in China were recruited. All the participants were full-time students
in grade 1, grade 2 and grade 3. The fourth year undergraduate nursing
students were excluded, because they are absent from the universitybased
education for their full-time clinical placement.
Among those participants, 32 nursing students submitted applications
for participating in the education program, which was the experimental
group. The remaining 133 students were classified as the control
group.