The production of biofuels including ethanol and hydrogen from agricultural waste is being concern as a renewable
energy. Pineapple peel, a by-product of the pineapple processing industry, account for 29-40% (w/w) of total
pineapple weight. 36.25±2.87% of cellulose was achieved from pineapple peel after pretreatment with water and heat
at 100oC for 4 h. Afterwards, 0.5% (w/w) cellulase from Aspergillus niger (Sigma) was added for enzymatic
hydrolysis. The maximum sugar production (34.03±1.30 g/L) was obtained after 24 h of incubation time. The enzyme
hydrolysate was utilized as fermentation medium, with no nutritional addition to produce ethanol and hydrogen by
Saccharomyces cerevisiae TISTR 5048 and Enterobacter aerogenes TISTR 1468. The maximum yield of ethanol
(9.69 g/L) with no hydrogen production by S. cerevisiae was achieved after 72 h. However, the maximum ethanol
and hydrogen from E. aerogenes were 1.38 g/L and 1,416 mL/L after 72 h and 12 h of cultivation, respectively. In
addition, the 1.2-folds of biofuel production were increased when immobilized bacterial cell in matrix of loofah.