Cellular therapy could represent a new frontier in the treatment of several diseases. Despite the fact that MSCs have been enrolled in several clinical trials, long-term safety of MSC-based therapies is not yet well established; this fact
could be one major limitation to clinical translation [73]. At the present, there are no preclinical studies on the use of MSCs in ASD models. There is just one clinical trial (NCT01343511 http://www.clinicaltrial.gov/) concerning the
safety and efficacy of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) and human cord blood mononuclear cells (hCB-MNCs) transplantation in patients with autism by
Shenzhen Beike Bio-Technology Co., China. Results are not yet posted.