The FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine (CVM) utilizes the same regulatory approaches for antibiotics
used in food‐animal production as those intended for human use. The FDA CVM also determines
withdrawal times, i.e., the time required to elapse between the last dose administered and when food
animals can enter the food chain. The National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS)
tracks antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacteria in food animals, retail meats and humans. The USDA Food
Safety & Inspection Service (FSIS) ensures withdrawal time compliance and helps track AMR bacteria.
FSIS’s Hazard Analysis Critical Control Program (HACCP) helps reduce the possibility of bacterial transfer
from animals to humans via food of animal origin. The CDC also helps track AMR bacteria