3.2.1. Unfreezable water fraction of frozen dough
Doughs elaborated with CWF, BEW or BPG did not differ with respect
to the amount of unfreezable water (Table 3). This means that, at 5% substitution
level, EWF and PGS did not influence the water binding capacity
of blends. It is possible that, at a greater substitution level, an increase of
this water fraction might be observed. Pre-gelatinized and/or damaged
starch and denatured proteins present in EWF and PGS would be responsible
for binding water in their structures, making it unavailable
for crystallization during freezing (Wynne-Jones & Blanshard, 1986).