We performed an ANCOVA (1) to evaluate our hypothesis that the education–training intervention group would
demonstrate a significantly greater improvement in body positioning and workstation design compared with the education-
only and control groups and the hypothesis that no difference would be found between education-only and control
groups and (2) to examine the differences among all three groups (Ott, 1993). The results of the pretest scores were entered as the covariate to reduce the likelihood of error variance and to increase the power of the analysis. Statistically
significant differences were found between all groups (p < .05; exact p values reported in Table 2). Group 3 had the
highest mean score, and this score was statistically significantly higher than that of Groups 1 and 2 (p = .000 and p =
.001, respectively). Group 2, whose members received educational handouts only, also demonstrated an improvement
in mean score. This posttest score was statistically significantly higher than the mean score of the control group,
Group 1 (p = .002). These findings support the hypothesis that the education–training group would improve to a
greater degree than the education-only and the control groups. Contrary to expectations, however, the educationonly
group demonstrated a statistically significant difference in mean score (higher) than that of the control group. This
finding fails to support our second hypothesis.