Although several previous studies have investigated
the antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects of black
garlic, potential novel active ingredients and the
molecular mechanisms underlying the antiinflammatory
effects of black garlic have yet to be determined. In this
study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of the active
ingredients of black garlic, that is, aged black garlic
compound 1 (AGE-1) and AGE-2, as well as the
mechanism underlying their antiinflammatory effects
in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, a model of
inflammatory mediator production. The study design
was based on that of a previous study. To the best of
our knowledge, this study is the first to report that
AGE-1 significantly attenuates NO, PGE2, inflammatory
mediator (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), iNOS, and
cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) levels in LPS-stimulated
macrophage cells via suppression of the expression of
classical mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)
(ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK).