Neuromarketing uses a variety of tools and techniques to measure consumer responses and behavior. These include everything from relatively simple and inexpensive approaches, such as eye tracking (measuring eye gaze patterns), analyzing facial expressions, and behavioral experiments (for example, seeing how changes in product displays affect a consumer’s choices), to more complex,sensor-based approaches, including biometrics (body signal measures) that measure perspiration, respiration, heart rate,and facial muscle movement (electromyography [EMG]),as well as neurometrics (brain signal measures) that measure electrical activity (electroencephalography [EEG]),and blood flow (functional magnetic resonance imaging
[FMRI]) in the brain