The most obvious interpretation of Adam's comments to Stephanie is that he is directing her to falsify the data so
that the spill appears to be under the limit requiring reporting to the state. To be sure what he has in mind,
Stephanie might ask him to be clearer about what he wants her to do. For example, she might ask him exactly
what he means by "rework the numbers." Probably he would resist saying directly that he is telling her to falsify
data, since this would incriminate him, or at least embarrass him, if the facts were to come out. Moreover, he
might regard her request for clarification as an attempt to trap him in an illegal or improper action and this might
anger him even more. However, it would be advisable to try to avoid any misunderstanding about what she is
being directed to do even if she is already fairly sure.
If it becomes clear that falsifying data is what Adam has in mind, then Stephanie must weigh her duty to respect
institutional authority, in the person of Adam, against her duties to conform to the environmental regulations and
generally to protect the safety, health, and welfare of the general public as well as her duty not to lie or
misrepresent the facts. While it may be true that in this one case a "few gallons over the limit" would have no
discernible negative effects on the public, Stephanie should consider what the effects would be if everyone in the
industry "bent the rules" in the way that Adam appears to be demanding. It is not clear even that Adam's
directive to "rework the numbers" is a legitimate exercise of his authority at XYZ or that loyalty to her employer
in this situation means doing as he says. Quite possibly, XYZ's long-term interests would best be served by
Stephanie's refusing to "rework the numbers," since there is a possibility that the falsification would be exposed
and result in criminal charges against XYZ or serious damage to its reputation.
Adam's main concern seems to be the amount of time that would be required to fill out the forms that would go
to the state, which is of dubious ethical significance. Based on all these considerations, the most reasonable
course of action for Stephanie would be to tell Adam politely and calmly but firmly that she will not falsify data in
her report.
The most obvious interpretation of Adam's comments to Stephanie is that he is directing her to falsify the data sothat the spill appears to be under the limit requiring reporting to the state. To be sure what he has in mind,Stephanie might ask him to be clearer about what he wants her to do. For example, she might ask him exactlywhat he means by "rework the numbers." Probably he would resist saying directly that he is telling her to falsifydata, since this would incriminate him, or at least embarrass him, if the facts were to come out. Moreover, hemight regard her request for clarification as an attempt to trap him in an illegal or improper action and this mightanger him even more. However, it would be advisable to try to avoid any misunderstanding about what she isbeing directed to do even if she is already fairly sure.If it becomes clear that falsifying data is what Adam has in mind, then Stephanie must weigh her duty to respectinstitutional authority, in the person of Adam, against her duties to conform to the environmental regulations andgenerally to protect the safety, health, and welfare of the general public as well as her duty not to lie ormisrepresent the facts. While it may be true that in this one case a "few gallons over the limit" would have nodiscernible negative effects on the public, Stephanie should consider what the effects would be if everyone in theindustry "bent the rules" in the way that Adam appears to be demanding. It is not clear even that Adam'sdirective to "rework the numbers" is a legitimate exercise of his authority at XYZ or that loyalty to her employerin this situation means doing as he says. Quite possibly, XYZ's long-term interests would best be served byStephanie's refusing to "rework the numbers," since there is a possibility that the falsification would be exposedand result in criminal charges against XYZ or serious damage to its reputation.Adam's main concern seems to be the amount of time that would be required to fill out the forms that would goto the state, which is of dubious ethical significance. Based on all these considerations, the most reasonablecourse of action for Stephanie would be to tell Adam politely and calmly but firmly that she will not falsify data inher report.
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