a b s t r a c t
Personal care product (PCP) industry liquid wastes contain shampoo residues, which are usually treated
by aerobic activated sludge (AS). Unfortunately, AS is expensive for PCP wastes because of high aeration
and energy demands, whereas potentially energy-positive anaerobic designs cannot meet effluent targets.
Therefore, combined anaerobic–aerobic systems may be the best solution. Seven treatment systems
were assessed in terms of energy and treatment performance for shampoo wastes, including one aerobic,
three anaerobic (HUASB, AHR and AnCSTR) and three anaerobic–aerobic reactor designs. COD removals
were highest in the HUASB-aerobic (87.9 ± 0.4%) and AHR-aerobic (86.8 ± 0.5%) systems, which used
69.2% and 62.5% less energy than aerobic AS. However, actual methane production rates were low relative
to theoretical in the UASB and AHR units (10% methane/COD removed) compared with the AnCSTR
unit (70%). Anaerobic–aerobic sequence reactors show promise for treating shampoo wastes, but optimal
designs depend upon whether methane production or COD removal is most important to operations.
a b s t r a c tPersonal care product (PCP) industry liquid wastes contain shampoo residues, which are usually treatedby aerobic activated sludge (AS). Unfortunately, AS is expensive for PCP wastes because of high aerationand energy demands, whereas potentially energy-positive anaerobic designs cannot meet effluent targets.Therefore, combined anaerobic–aerobic systems may be the best solution. Seven treatment systemswere assessed in terms of energy and treatment performance for shampoo wastes, including one aerobic,three anaerobic (HUASB, AHR and AnCSTR) and three anaerobic–aerobic reactor designs. COD removalswere highest in the HUASB-aerobic (87.9 ± 0.4%) and AHR-aerobic (86.8 ± 0.5%) systems, which used69.2% and 62.5% less energy than aerobic AS. However, actual methane production rates were low relativeto theoretical in the UASB and AHR units (10% methane/COD removed) compared with the AnCSTRunit (70%). Anaerobic–aerobic sequence reactors show promise for treating shampoo wastes, but optimaldesigns depend upon whether methane production or COD removal is most important to operations.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..