Trypanosoma theileri is a hemoprotozoan parasite that infects various ruminant species.
We investigated the epidemiology of this parasite among cattle and water buffalo populations
bred in Sri Lanka, using a diagnostic PCR assay based on the cathepsin L-like protein
(CATL) gene. Blood DNA samples sourced from cattle (n = 316) and water buffaloes (n = 320)
bred in different geographical areas of Sri Lanka were PCR screened for T. theileri. Parasite
DNA was detected in cattle and water buffaloes alike in all the sampling locations.
The overall T. theileri-positive rate was higher in water buffaloes (15.9%) than in cattle
(7.6%). Subsequently, PCR amplicons were sequenced and the partial CATL sequences were
phylogenetically analyzed. The identity values for the CATL gene were 89.6–99.7% among
the cattle-derived sequences, compared with values of 90.7–100% for the buffalo-derived
sequences. However, the cattle-derived sequences shared 88.2–100% identity values with
those from buffaloes. In the phylogenetic tree, the Sri Lankan CATL gene sequences fell into
two major clades (TthI and TthII), both of which contain CATL sequences from several other
countries. Although most of the CATL sequences from Sri Lankan cattle and buffaloes clustered
independently, two buffalo-derived sequences were observed to be closely related to
those of the Sri Lankan cattle. Furthermore, a Sri Lankan buffalo sequence clustered with
CATL gene sequences from Brazilian buffalo and Thai cattle. In addition to reporting the
first PCR-based survey of T. theileri among Sri Lankan-bred cattle and water buffaloes, the
present study found that some of the CATL gene fragments sourced from water buffaloes
shared similarity with those determined from cattle in this country
Trypanosoma theileri is a hemoprotozoan parasite that infects various ruminant species.We investigated the epidemiology of this parasite among cattle and water buffalo populationsbred in Sri Lanka, using a diagnostic PCR assay based on the cathepsin L-like protein(CATL) gene. Blood DNA samples sourced from cattle (n = 316) and water buffaloes (n = 320)bred in different geographical areas of Sri Lanka were PCR screened for T. theileri. ParasiteDNA was detected in cattle and water buffaloes alike in all the sampling locations.The overall T. theileri-positive rate was higher in water buffaloes (15.9%) than in cattle(7.6%). Subsequently, PCR amplicons were sequenced and the partial CATL sequences werephylogenetically analyzed. The identity values for the CATL gene were 89.6–99.7% amongthe cattle-derived sequences, compared with values of 90.7–100% for the buffalo-derivedsequences. However, the cattle-derived sequences shared 88.2–100% identity values withthose from buffaloes. In the phylogenetic tree, the Sri Lankan CATL gene sequences fell intotwo major clades (TthI and TthII), both of which contain CATL sequences from several othercountries. Although most of the CATL sequences from Sri Lankan cattle and buffaloes clusteredindependently, two buffalo-derived sequences were observed to be closely related tothose of the Sri Lankan cattle. Furthermore, a Sri Lankan buffalo sequence clustered withCATL gene sequences from Brazilian buffalo and Thai cattle. In addition to reporting the
first PCR-based survey of T. theileri among Sri Lankan-bred cattle and water buffaloes, the
present study found that some of the CATL gene fragments sourced from water buffaloes
shared similarity with those determined from cattle in this country
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