White teenagers "discovered" R & B in the early to mid-50's. However, they were drawn to younger and "wilder" performers such as Chuck Berry and Little Richard (before this, R&B was purchased almost exclusively by Black Americans)
Berry and Little Richard bridged the gap between R & B and what would soon be called "rock-and-roll."
R&B of the '50s featured vocal-oriented doo-wop groups such as the Moonglows and the Penguins as well as solo vocal artists
by the mid-1950s black rock would cause a more imminent threat to white sexual paranoia.
Musicians including Chuck Berry would be targeted with criminal charges; racial violence would pervade black rock performances
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