2. Method
The experiments include raw material preparation, pre-hydrolyzed, kraft pulping, ECF (Elemental Chlorine Free) bleaching, testing of brightness, and dissolving pulp characteristics.
Raw material for the experiment in the form of bamboo Culmconsists of four species of bamboo such as Apus
(Gigantochloaapus), Petung (Dendrocalamus asper), Mayan (Gigantochloa robusta) and Sembilang
(Dendrocalamus giganteus) from PT. Wahana Sekar Agro, Bogor. The bamboo culm were chipped and dried in an
open air to reach about homogeneous moisture content.
Fiber morphology was analyzed, includes fiber length (maximum, minimum and average), cell wall thickness
and its derivatives (Runkel ratio, flexibility). Fiber morphology was determined in accordance with the Indonesian
National Standard (SNI).