Role breadth self-efficacy ( .93) was assessed using the seven
highest loading items from Parker’s (1998) measure of this construct.
Employees were asked how confident they would feel carrying out a range
of proactive, interpersonal, and integrative tasks (see Appendix C for a full
set of items for this and all other cognitive-motivational and antecedent
measures). The response scale ranged from 1 (not at all confident) to 5
(very confident). This measure has been shown to be distinct from both
related concepts, such as proactive personality and self-esteem (Parker,
1998), and affective reaction variables, such as job satisfaction (Parker