Enterohemorragic E. coli (EHEC) release hemolysin
toxin (EHEC-Hly) via OMVs (Aldick et al. 2009). EHECHly
is a typical RTX toxin that causes lysis of host cell by
pore-forming action (Bielaszewska et al. 2013). The toxin
exists as free EHEC-Hly and as EHEC-Hly associated
with OMVs, both released by EHEC during growth. While
the free toxin is lytic toward human endothelium, EHECHly
associated with OMVs does not lyse microvascular
endothelial cells (HBMEC) and Caco-2 cells, but triggers
their apoptosis (Bielaszewska et al. 2013). The OMVsassociated
toxin is internalized by HBMEC and Caco-2
cells via dynamin-dependent endocytosis of OMVs