Researchers in Information Technology (IT)
have defined information as "data that has been
processed into a form that is meaningful to the
recipient and is of real or perceived value in
current or prospective actions or decisions" [[14],
p. 200]. This definition can be grounded in cognitivist
theories of mental representation [67]. Human
thinking involves mental representations that
intendedly correspond to reality. These representations
are commonly called beliefs or, when
highly validated, knowledge. They are produced
" This paper is an extension of ideas originally presented in
[46]
* Corresponding author
when people pick up sensory inputs or stimuli
from their environment. As new information is
acquired, one's beliefs are adjusted to better
match the perceived reality.